Soviet pay rises

“ They Pretend to Pay Us . . . . ” The Wage Arrears Crises in the Post - Soviet States

fter the first round of the Russian presidential election last summer, exit polling was conducted in which Russian voters were asked, among other things, what was the most important issue in their vote decision. Their answer might surprise those of us whose primary source of news about Russia is the Western media. For most Russian voters, it was not Boris Yeltsin’s health, or the war in Chechny...

On final rises and fall-rises in German and Swedish

This study explores the intonational signalling of a ‘request address’ in German and Swedish. Data from 16 speakers (9 Germans, 7 Swedes) were elicited under controlled conditions, and intonation contours produced on the test phrase “Wallander?” were classified according to their phrase-final pattern. Both ‘rises’ and ‘fall-rises’ were produced frequently by both Germans and Swedes, which is in...

Soviet Science

Ten years ago Dr. Belding brought out the first edition of this text and in the present volume follows the original plan of presenting "the protozoan, helminthic, and arthropod parasites of man, and the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of the diseases they produce." Although more material has been compressed into each page and thinner paper permits a convenient reduction in its thickness, t...

Religious Culture: Faith in Soviet and Post-Soviet Russia

Nuclear Rises in Update Semantics∗

The main goal of this paper is to argue for an analysis of final rises in American English as ‘intonational adverbs’ expressing epistemic uncertainty. Furthermore, it is suggested that the question-like behavior of declaratives with final rises can be derived as a secondary effect from maxims of rational conversation and is not directly due to their intonational properties. The advantage of thi...